Sodium valproate (INN) or valproate sodium (USAN) is the sodium salt of valproic acid and is an anticonvulsant used in the treatment of epilepsy and bipolar disorder, as well as other psychiatric conditions requiring the administration of a mood stabilizer. The intravenous formulations are used when oral administration is not possible.
All antiepilepic medications have been shown to be associated with higher risks of fetal abnormalities (mostly for spina bifida) since at least 1983 with the risks being related to the strength of medication used and use of more than one drug.[1][2] Valproate has also been recognised as sometimes causing a specific facial changes ("facial phenotype") termed "fetal valproate syndrome".[3] Sodium valproate has been associated with the rare condition Paroxysmal tonic upgaze of childhood from childhood exposure(Epileptic Disord. 2007 Sep;9(3):332-6) and also fetal exposure (This condition resolved after discontinuing valproate therapy. Ouvrier-Billson syndrome (J Child Neurol. 1988 Jul;3(3):177-80) is the name used for this condition, to honor the discoverer.
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